Secession of Panama from Colombia

1903 French- and US-supported establishment of the Republic of Panama

The secession of Panama from Colombia was formalized on 3 November 1903, with the establishment of the Republic of Panama and the abolition of the Colombia–Costa Rica border. From the independence of Panama from Spain in 1821, Panama had simultaneously joined itself to the confederation of Gran Colombia through the Independence Act of Panama. Panama was always tenuously connected to the rest of the country to the south, owing to its remoteness from the government in Bogotá and lack of a practical overland connection to the rest of Gran Colombia.

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