Qiyas

Deductive analogy or reasoning by measuring the new situation with the given situation

Qiyas (Arabic: قياس, qiyās [qiˈjaːs], lit. 'analogy') is the process of deductive analogy in which the teachings of the hadith are compared and contrasted with those of the Quran in Islamic jurisprudence, in order to apply a known injunction (nass) to a new circumstance and create a new injunction. Here the ruling of the sunnah and the Quran may be used as a means to solve or provide a response to a new problem that may arise. This, however, is only the case providing that the set precedent or paradigm and the new problem that has come about will share operative causes (عِلّة, ʿillah).

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