Hinayana

Term for preliminary Buddhism before Mahayāna

Hīnayāna (Sanskrit: , हीनयान), literally meaning "Small Vehicle" or "Lesser Vehicle", is an umbrella term used by the Mahāyāna school to refer to the pre-Mahāyāna Buddhist paths to liberation. Specifically, it encompasses the Śrāvakayāna ("Listeners Vehicle") and Pratyekabuddhayāna ("Solitary-Realizers Vehicle") paths. Some Mahāyāna Buddhists consider the Hīnayāna as preliminary, individual-focused (hīna) pathways or "vehicles" (yāna) towards liberation offered by the Buddha's teachings, in contrast to the "greater" (mahā) vehicle (yāna) or second path, esteemed more highly as devoted to helping all beings seek enlightenment (bodhicitta), and not just oneself.

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