First Brazilian Republic

1889–1930 federal republic in South America

The First Brazilian Republic, also referred to as the Old Republic (Portuguese: República Velha, Portuguese pronunciation: [ʁeˈpublikɐ ˈvɛʎɐ]), officially the Republic of the United States of Brazil, was the Brazilian state in the period from 1889 to 1930. The Old Republic began with a coup d'état led by Deodoro da Fonseca that deposed Emperor Pedro II in 1889, and ended with the Revolution of 1930 that installed Getúlio Vargas as a new president. The First Republic is divided into two historiographical periods: the Republic of the Sword (1889-1894), when it was a military dictatorship under Marshals Deodoro da Fonseca and Floriano Peixoto.

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