Ferdinand Tönnies

German sociologist, economist and philosopher (1855–1936)

Ferdinand Tönnies (German: [ˈtœniːs]; 26 July 1855 – 8 April 1936) was a German sociologist, economist, and philosopher. He was a significant contributor to sociological theory and field studies, best known for distinguishing between two types of social groups, Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft (community and society). He co-founded the German Sociological Association together with Max Weber and Georg Simmel and many other founders.

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