ETA (separatist group)

Basque separatist group (1960–2018)

ETA, an acronym for Euskadi Ta Askatasuna ('Basque Homeland and Liberty' or 'Basque Country and Freedom' in Basque), was an armed Basque nationalist and separatist organization active in Spain and France between 1959 and 2018. It was founded in 1959, during Francoist Spain, by a group of Basque nationalist students seeking to promote Basque identity and independence. Over time, ETA evolved into a clandestine paramilitary group that conducted a campaign of assassinations, bombings, and kidnappings primarily in Spain, particularly in the Basque Country and surrounding regions.

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