Carnation Revolution

1974 revolution in Portugal and its colonies

The Carnation Revolution (Portuguese: Revolução dos Cravos), code-named Operation Historic Turn, also known as the 25 April, and Portuguese Revolution (Portuguese: Revolução Portuguesa) was a military coup in Portugal by officers that on 25 April 1974 overthrew Marcelo Caetano and the Estado Novo regime established by António de Oliveira Salazar (r. 1932–1968). The coup came in the midst of the Portuguese Colonial War (1961–1974) in its overseas colonies and produced major social, economic, territorial, demographic, and political changes in Portugal and in Angola, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, and other former Portuguese colonies through the Ongoing Revolutionary Process.

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