Étienne Macdonald

French military leader (1765–1840)

Étienne Jacques-Joseph-Alexandre Macdonald, 1st duc de Tarente (French pronunciation: [etjɛn ʒak ʒozɛf alɛksɑ̃dʁ makdɔnald]; 17 November 1765 – 25 September 1840), was a Marshal of the Empire and military leader during the French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars. Born in Sedan, the son of an exiled Scottish Jacobite, Macdonald was serving in the Irish Brigade at the outbreak of the revolution. He embraced the revolutionary cause and rapidly rose through the ranks after distinguishing himself at the Battle of Jemappes, earning the rank of brigade general in 1793 and divisional general a year later.

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